Đặt \(x^3=a,y^3=b,z^3=c\Rightarrow abc=1\)

\(P=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3+c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3+a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)

Ta chứng minh bổ đề sau

\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{a+b}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge a^3+2ab^2+2a^2b+b^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng. Sử dụng bổ đề ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b}{3}+\dfrac{b+c}{3}+\dfrac{c+a}{3}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{2.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{3}=2\)

Có VT = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xy}-\dfrac{2}{yz}-\dfrac{2}{zx}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)}\) 

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|=VP\) (Vì x + y + z = 0) 

Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(yz\right)^2+\left(xz\right)^2+\left(xy\right)^2+2xyz}{\left(xyz\right)^2}=1\)

<=> (xy)² + (yz)² + (zx)² + 2xyz = (xyz)² 

<=> (xy)² + (yz)² + (xz)² + 2xyz(x + y + z) = (xyz)² 

<=> (xy + yz + zx)² = (xyz)² 

<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy+yz+zx=xyz\\xy+yz+zx=-xyz\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) Khi xy + yz + zx = -xyz 

=> \(\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=-1< 0\left(\text{loại}\right)\)

=> xy + yz + zx = xyz 

<=> \(xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=xyz\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)=0\)

<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)

<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)

<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\)

<=> \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=0\)

<=> \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(zx+yz+z^2\right)xy}=0\)

<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi x = -y => y = 1 => P = 1

Tương tự y = -z ; z = -x được P = 1

Vậy P = 1 

Ta có :

 \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)

Khi đó ta chứng minh được :

\(x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3=3x^2y^2z^2\)

Mà \(x+y+z=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)

Từ đó ta suy ra :

\(\frac{x^6+y^6+z^6}{x^3+y^3+z^3}=\frac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^2-2\left(x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3\right)}{x^3+y^3+z^3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(3xyz\right)^2-2.3.x^2y^2z^2}{3xyz}\)

\(=\frac{9x^2y^2z^2-6x^2y^2z^2}{3xyz}\)

\(=xyz\)( ĐPCM )

Hên xui thôi

Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có:

`x^6+y^6+z^6>=3root{3}{x^6y^6z^6}=3x^2y^2z^2`

`=>3x^2y^2z^2<=3`

`=>x^2y^2z^2<=1`

`=>xyz<=1`

`=>(x^3)/(yz)+(y^3)/(zx)+(z^3)/(xy)`

`=(x^4)/(xyz)+(y^4)/(xyz)+(z^4)/(xyz)>=x^4+y^4+z^4(@)`

Áp dụng BĐT bunhia với 2 cặp số `(x^2,y^2,z^2),(x,y,z)`

`=>(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x^4+y^4+z^4)>=(x^3+y^3+z^3)^3`

Mà `(x^3+y^3+z^3)^2>=3(x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3)`

`=>(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x^4+y^4+z^4)>=3(x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3)(@@)`

Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có:

`x^6+1+1>=3root{3}{x^6}=3x^2`

`y^6+1+1>=3y^2`

`z^6+1+1>=3z^2`

`=>x^6+y^6+z^6+6>=3(x^2+y^2+z^2)`

`=>9>=3(x^2+y^2+z^2)`

`=>x^2+y^2+z^2<=3`

Kết hợp với `(@@)`

`=>(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x^4+y^4+z^4)>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3)`

`=>x^4+y^4+z^4>=x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3`

Kếp hợp với `(@)`

`=>(x^3)/(yz)+(y^3)/(zx)+(z^3)/(xy)>=x^3y^3+y^3z^3+z^3x^3`

Dấu = xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)

\(x+y+z=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(dấu"="xảy\) \(ra\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)